Frequency modulation Archives - IEEE Transactions on Quantum Engineering

Field Demonstration of a Passive Phase and Polarization Stabilization Architecture for Sagnac Twin-Field QKD

August 28, 2026Martin Clason, Christiano M. S. do Nascimento, Felipe Calliari, Joakim Argillander, Guilherme B. Xavier, Guilherme P. TemporãoEarly Access, Open AccessFrequency modulation, Generators, Interference, Joining processes, Optical fibers, Polarization, Quantum communication, Quantum key distribution, Textile fibers, Timing

Abstract: Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) relies on first-order interference between coherent optical fields combined at an intermediate station, which requires simultaneous phase and polarization stabilization. We present a Sagnac-like interferometric architecture arranged in a hybrid star–bus network topology that enables any-to-any connectivity while providing passive stabilization of phase and polarization fluctuations for multiple wavelengths. […]

Cut&Shoot: Distributed Execution of Quantum Circuit Fragments

April 8, 2026Giuseppe Bisicchia, Alessandro Bocci, Jose Garcia-Alonso, Juan M. Murillo, Antonio BrogiQuantum ComputingCentral Processing Unit, Circuits, Circuits and systems, Feedback, Filtering, Filters, Frequency modulation, Quantum circuit, Radio broadcasting, Very large scale integration

Abstract: Quantum computing is progressing at a rapid pace, although still constrained by the limitations of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, such as restricted qubit counts and high susceptibility to noise. To address these constraints, researchers have begun adapting classical software engineering principles to the quantum realm, giving rise to the field of quantum software […]

Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Continuous-Variable Terahertz QKD for Large-Scale Wireless Quantum Communication

March 2, 2026Mingqi Zhang, Kaveh DelfanazariQuantum InternetFast Fourier transforms, Frequency modulation, Hardware, Noise, OFDM, Protocols, Security, Terahertz communications, Terahertz radiation, Wireless communication

Abstract: In this article, we introduce a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) protocol that combines orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing with terahertz (THz) carriers to deliver high-throughput and hardware-compatible quantum communication. By distributing quantum states across multiple subcarriers, our approach achieves a noticeable increase in spectral efficiency while mitigating dispersion and atmospheric losses that limit the performance […]

Differential Phase Encoded Plug-and-Play Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution

February 16, 2026Nilesh Sharma, Shashank Kumar Ranu, Prabha Mandayam, Anil PrabhakarQuantum InformationDetectors, Encoding, Frequency modulation, Interference, Laser beams, Mirrors, Phase measurement, Protocols, Quantum key distribution, Security

Abstract: Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) enhances security by removing vulnerabilities associated with detector side channels. Real-world implementations ofMDI-QKD face practical challenges, such as channel asymmetry and physical imperfections, which degrade the visibility of Hong–Ou–Mandel interference, an essential factor in determining the secure key rate. In this work, we evaluate the performance of differential phase […]